Political Theatre Essay Example for Free

Political Theater Essay Innovation happened because of an adjustment in global deduction, with any semblance of Darwins advancement hypothesis and the distribution of Karl Marxs The Communist Manifesto (1848). Individuals needed a total separation with custom, introduced through human expressions as Romanticism and authenticity. Therefore, Modernism an aesthetic examination and gigantically complex development incorporated most of the nations in the Western World, after figures in the cutting edge of the development, for example, Zola and Nietzsche, spread out from the bohemian urban areas of Paris and Vienna, where Modernism originated from. Innovation is an Umbrella expression, an overwhelmingly mind boggling phenomenon1, including Naturalism, Symbolism and Theater of the Absurd among others. It likewise started all through the world at various occasions shaping various strands, for example, Germanic and Anglo-American Modernism. It is consequently that the development is so hard to nail down to one time. As indicated by Bradbury and McFarlane, it started in 1880 and finished during the 1930s. Be that as it may, among different pundits, I suggest that the period extends further, a lot nearer to the current day, where we are at present in the time of Post-Modernism. It is sure that Modernism started during the 1880s, making a quick change from Romanticism. It was worried about a negative awareness, distancing the crowd and making a feeling of confusion. However, this immediately offered route to an inspirational disposition to social development, seen in Henrik Ibsens plays, featuring idealism and certainty. Soon after came the primary strand of Modernism, supplanting this certainty with an interest with silly powers, reflected in Strindbergs The Ghost Sonata. The development compares various improbable blends, for example, The Enlightenment (eighteenth Century) and Romanticism (mid nineteenth Century); sound and nonsensical idea; and the naturalistic and representative due to its unpredictability and the scope of various styles inside it. The essential issue for Modernism changed toward the finish of World War I, moving ceaselessly from France for Central Europe and progressive Russia. The adjustment in legislative issues, society and innovation called for improvements in theater, the item being Political Theater. Be that as it may, the term Political Theater was first utilized freely in 1928, preceding which it had no official term. Political Theater, similar to the remainder of Modernism represented various trial, and frequently questionable thoughts. The two principle trailblazers of Political Theater were Germans, Erwin Piscator and Bertolt Brecht. Piscator set the ball rolling, adjusting plays to have a political edge, while Brecht built up the thoughts and framed more grounded ideas and speculations, composing his own plays with political topics. However, the experts didnt cooperate in building up the style notwithstanding having comparative convictions in how theater ought to be depicted, on the grounds that each man needed to oversee himself. Unexpectedly, this circumstance is reverberated in the governmental issues of the time with the Russian and German Revolutions, where regardless of the gatherings holding onto power in comparative habits and setting out from similar causes, they didnt share sees in belief system. Toward the finish of World War I Germany was in a condition of practical and political ruin. The Weimar Republic assumed responsibility for Germany until not long before World War II after which Hitler easily held onto power. The craftsmen of The Weimar Republic, home of Political Theater, were hostile to Nazi and looked to discover arrangements to suit them somewhere else. Therefore, solid devotions were worked with Russia, and numerous specialists of the Modern time relocated there to secure positions. Piscator was a progressive Marxist; he hated the Nazis and delivered numerous political plays assaulting the system. Nonetheless, Piscators theater was liable to party orders and the policy driven issues of the time. Brecht, as Piscator was against Militarism and bogus Nationalism. He scorned Nazism and therefore was ousted for a long time, where he kept in touch with a portion of his most well known work including The Good Person of Szechwan and Mother Courage. However, dissimilar to Piscator, he never joined the East German Communist Party regardless of following the Marxist system, which was for the most part situated in Russia. Two types of theater that had been set up in Russia, to a great extent impacted by crafted by Meyerhold, set the reason for Piscators Epic performance center of Politics. Fomentation Propaganda (Agit-Prop) planned to invigorate the crowd to make political move, using melody and short portrays. The other, Mass exhibitions, were immense shows of upheaval including throws of thousands 2. It has been proposed that Piscators Epic auditorium was a combination of these two components. Notwithstanding, his venue isn't Naturalism. He utilizes parts of past structures, fitting them into Political Theater. He is increasingly thoughtful towards Naturalism since it shows genuine individuals in front of an audience, yet asserts the issues is that cries of irritation stand where we ought to hear answers 3, this being the distinction. Be that as it may, where Piscator dispersed the pieces, Brecht was the one to get them and make the jigsaw. Brecht drew his own thoughts from Piscators, disentangling and modifying them. Piscator needed to make another type of theater, one that overwhelmed the social battle, where the Proletariat take power from the decision class, another connection with Marxist Russia during World War I (1917). He needed his crowd, ideally the average workers, to stand firm because of his theater. Piscator once said More than any time in recent memory the venue must nail its banner fanatically to the pole of legislative issues: the governmental issues of the low class Theater is activity, the activity of the proletariat4 His auditorium meant to portray reality as honestly and genuinely as could be expected under the circumstances, giving a narrative style reality to the dramatization. This had repercussions on future Art, since this thought shaped the reason for Documentary Theater. So as to depict this new theater, there came a requirement for another style of acting, and this as well as an entirely unexpected way to deal with execution. A pundit depicted one of Piscators early creations, Fahnen, as epic, and thusly he based on this thought. Hence the beginnings of Epic Theater were first sketched out in quite a while distributed book, Das Politische Theater in 1929. It is presently valued that Political and Epic Theater go connected at the hip. Be that as it may, the genuine scholar of Epic Theater was Brecht. Normally, he was affected by Piscator, yet utilized his strategies on an a lot littler scope. As Willett said The genuine curiosity [of Brechts theatre] and power of his plays lay in the words which basically couldn't stand such top-overwhelming staging5 and along these lines focussed his work on kick the bucket Verfremdungseffekt, a procedure he made that made the acting peculiar to the crowd. In doing this, Brecht removed the feeling from the creation, separated the crowd from the characters, and in particular caused the on-screen characters to separate themselves from their jobs. The organizing of Political Theater expected to upgrade the strategy and hypotheses of the development in general. It relied upon at least landscape and props, following the beliefs that the scene of the performance center is in the acting and what the on-screen characters can depict. Brechts Mother Courage is a decent show of how little avaricious business people make wars conceivable. Brecht expresses this plainly in the play What they could do with round here is a decent war. What else would you be able to expect with harmony going out of control everywhere? You know what the issue with harmony is? No association. 6 depicting his perspectives on the foolishness of war. The play recounts to the account of a lady who runs a food cart during wartime. Set during the Thirty Years War, it goes about as an analogy to any war all through time. The play shows that individuals lose feeling of their ethics during war, through covetousness of the military sergeants, yet additionally how Courage stays set on accommodating the war regardless of losing her two children, and get her materialistic cut, realizing that large benefits are not made by little people7. There are sure characteristics in Mother Courage that epitomize Epic Theater, the most prevailing of these being the character names in the play for instance the Cook and the Chaplain. Brecht abstained from giving characters real names as this additional to his idea of the Verfremdungseffekt, preventing the crowd from getting genuinely connected to the character. By naming Mother Courage the crowd is subliminally compelled to sympathize with her, sharing a frail social position 8. Brecht additionally made the possibility of gestus. Here, the entertainer embraces a socially basic mentality towards his character, speaking with the crowd as himself instead of as the play character. A genuine model in Mother Courage is a presentation by Brechts spouse, Helen Weigel. When requested to distinguish her child toward the finish of scene three, the stage bearings train Courage to shake her head, to show she doesnt perceive her child. Be that as it may, in the wake of doing this, Weigel went to the crowd, opening her mouth in a quiet shout. This reminded the crowd they were observers at the theater, another of Brechts points, yet in addition had more effect on the crowd than any genuine shout could have. It is consequently that Mother Courage was both a triumph and incapable for Brecht. Crowds consistently felt some feeling towards Courage, yet the play was generally welcomed. Brecht remembered various tunes for his play, and the entertainers would step bizarre to play out these, adding to the Verfremdungseffekt. He needed the music and text to compare each other, for example, when Yvette educates Kattrin about adoration in the Fraternization Song. Political Theater assumed a key job in the improvement of Modernism all in all, Brecht being the most persuasive character, but on the other hand was crucial in the advancement of theater. Stays of Political Theater can be seen over the Arts today, and the sub-development has been proceeded by such political scholars as Edward Bond who sa

Markets Price And Non Price Economics Essay

An understanding made where buyers and Sellerss come in close contact with one another straight or in a roundabout way to sell or buy merchandise and services.Categorization of MarketsMarket CharacterisitcsMarket TYPE NO.OF Buyers NO.OF Firms Passage Conditionss Market power Request snap Product Differentiation Overall gain maximastion status Evaluating Power Immaculate rivalry Numerous buyers Numerous Sellerss Free None Totally flexible Homogeneous P=MR=MC=AR=Min AC Financial worth Taker Monopolistic rivalry Numerous buyers Numerous Sellerss Free Restricted Generally flexible Close Substitutes with differentitated stocks MC=MR To the degree of their stocks Oligopoly rivalry Numerous buyers Few Limited A few Generally versatile Close substitutions, separated or homogeneous stocks MC go throughing through broken MR Unsure Duopoly rivalry Numerous buyers Two Limited Partitioned Generally versatile Exceptionally close replacementsâ€_Monopoly rivalry Numerous buyers One Confined Full moon Moderately inelastic No substitutions MC=MR Money related worth Maker Money related worth and Non-Price Competition: non financial worth competion might be portray as the selling plan under which the curious house tires to diffrentitate its product from the competitiors stock this recognize is finished by the designor workmenship. It very well may be other than recognize stock by offereing through quality help, customer joining in, distribustion plot and other limited time action. Where as the money related worth competion is refered to when the houses endeavors to isolate its productfrom the adversary by keeping up the financial estimation of the product lower than the competitiors one. Presently a yearss more houses are locked in with the non money related worth competion however it is extremely costly in nature the ground behind that it is more productive than selling the merchandise at lower financial esteem and maintain a strategic distance from the dangers of fiscal worth war. All around in oligopoly advertises and monopolistic markets are using the non fiscal worth plan in light of the fact that in this competions the houses turns out to be extermely able with one another. Focal of the non money related worth competion is stock diffrentiation. Consequently the qualities of product diffrentiation are: Specialized standards Quality standards Plan attributes Administration attributes Product diffrentiation as the balance of set uping a down ward falling interest bend. This were presented by the SRAFFA.but the chamberlin proposed that the interest is non only controlled by the pricind plan of the house however next to by the way of the product and the administrations related with them.he presents two approach factors ; which are stock itself and selling exercises. Singular house is consolidated with this measurements along these lines, the interest bend will switch if: The way, servicesor the promoting plan of the house modifications Opponents change their fiscal worth, finished result and servicesor promoting approaches Tastes salaries, pricesor selling strategies of product from the other business adjustment Non money related worth rivalry: Non money related worth rivalry is pertinent to a wide range of business sectors aside from than the restraining infrastructure and flawless rivalry: Immaculate rivalry: avoidance in light of the fact that the in this situation he all product are homogeneous in nature Restraining infrastructure: rejection in light of the fact that the individual advertiser is the bookkeeper of Te showcase so no 1 at that place for the non money related worth competitio Non financial worth determiners of interest: non money related worth deteminants can be depicted as the any endeavor made by the house to draw out in the market to pick up the total compensation and to increse their interest in the market. Following are the some non fiscal worth determiners of the interest, Tastes and prefrences Salary Fiscal estimations of sustitutes Number of buyers Future viewpoints of buyers Financing footings. As the determiners of interest are of import in the monopolistic market we other than should give equivalent significance to the determiners of the gracefully in the non financial worth rivalry Factor inputs changes Creation method Change in no of Sellerss in the market Desire for future adjustments in fiscal worth Points of interest of the non fiscal worth rivalry ; Buyers gets low fiscal qualities Makers and suppliers are going more displine in natureto cust down the fiscal qualities. New advancements in designing Gigantic advancement in the quqlity or administration Imformation for the purchasers leting individuals to accomplish increasingly educated pick Value snap of the interest: Responsiveness on the snap of the measure requested of a decent or administration to an adjustment in its fiscal value.it gives the per centum change in the measure requested in reactions to the 1 % modification in the money related worth. Value competion is appropriate in a wide range of business sectors with the exception of so flawless competion and imposing business model competion. Flawless competion: prohibition on the grounds that in impeccable competion the houses are money related worth takers the financial worth is non chosen by the house it is acknowledged. Restraining infrastructure rivalry: prohibition in light of the fact that in this situation there is an individual advertiser in the market who is the decider of the fiscal worth consequently it is non appropriate. Value snap of interest with reapect to the business sectors Impeccable rivalry: in the ideal competion the elasticiy of edmand is prefectly flexible in nature since all the stocks availble in this market are homogeneous in the nature. As the homogeneous stocks are ideal swap for one another the market turns out to be incredibly recative in nature. monopolistic market: snap of interest is similarly flexible In nature as the halting point substitues are availble in the market this substitues are availble with the little diffrention. Oligopoly showcase: oligopoly advertise is some how blend of the ideal rivalry and monopolistic market so the snap of the interest the relatively high in nature as the all stocks are homogeneous in nature and they are utility for one another. Duopoly advertise: in he duopoly showcase there are simply two Sellerss in the business sectors as to numerous buyers. The snap is relatively flexible in light of the fact that in this situation there are truly close substitues are availble for the product. Syndication advertise: in this market the snap is nearly inelastic nature as there is only one spur the reactivity of the interest for a decent to adjust in the money related estimation of anthoer good.it is estimated as the per centum modification sought after for the primary great that happens in reactivity to % change in financial worth or second good.Cross fiscal worth snap of the ideal competion as to replacements:the reactivity of the interest for a decent to modify in the money related estimation of anthoer good.it is estimated as the per centum adjustment popular for the principal great that happens in reactivity to % adjustment in money related worth or second good.Cross money related worth snap of the ideal competion concerning replacements:ucer in the market so the maker is holding the full market poer in the guardianships. there is no sustitute availble in the market. Cross financial worth snap of interest with the availble substitues: Cross financial worth snap: the reactivity of the interest for a decent to change in the fiscal estimation of anthoer good.it is estimated as the per centum modification popular for the principal great that happens in reactivity to % adjustment in money related worth or second good.Cross financial worth snap of the ideal competion with respect to replacements:Perfect competiton: the high fiscal worth cross snap can be found in this market as the producer Is fiscal worth taker and non the money related worth shaper. Progressively over that the stocks are homogeneous in nature which are substitution for one another. Monopolistic rivalry: there are figure of producers are at that place in the market.du to the high rivalry the makers are happy to accomplish more market parcel so the cross financial worth snap is similarly high in nature. Oligopoly rivalry: in this market the cross money related worth snap do issues in light of the fact that in this market. As the substitutions are availble in the market with the homogenity or product diffrention. Duopoly rivalry: there are only two producers are availble in the business sectors there are truly close substitution for one another and in view of this cross money related worth snap is low. Restraining infrastructure rivalry: there is simply one producer in the market and no substitution is availble so there is no request of cross money related worth snap.

Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Aim for a Descriptive Writing Style

Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Aim for a Descriptive Writing Style Many writers have trouble differentiating between adjectives/adverbs and details. When adjectives and adverbs are used to emphasize an emotion or an emotional state, they can actually end up adding very little to the description of an experience and could  even undermine it. However, when an emotion or emotional state is described properly, this can add real life to a story. Consider the following example: “With my award in hand, I felt extremely proud of my accomplishment.” In this example, the word “extremely” does not help create or enhance the reader’s mental picture; it merely states the obvious. After all, the difference between being “extremely proud” and being “proud” is negligible, considering that pride is naturally an “extreme” emotion. This just does not effectively convey how the writer actually felt. Now consider this second example: “Approaching the podium to receive my award, I felt faint. Even though my hands were shaking, I managed to give our company president a firm handshake when she passed me the award. As I began speaking to a crowd of my colleagues, I finally understood what being proud of myself really means.” In this second example, the details of the story (“felt faint,” “my hands were shaking”) create an image in the reader’s mind. The reader is not relating to the simple adjectives that reinforce existing impressions but is experiencing details that bring color to the story. In the first example, the story does not change if the word “extremely” is removed, but in the second, real emotion is conveyed. We encourage you to avoid adjectives that simply reinforce an expressed emotion and to write descriptively to capture the true spirit of the experience you are sharing. Share ThisTweet Monday Morning Essay Tips Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Aim for a Descriptive Writing Style Many writers tend to confuse adjectives and adverbs with details. When adjectives and adverbs are used to emphasize an emotion or an emotional state, they can actually end up adding very little to the description of an experience and possibly even undermine it. However, when that emotion or emotional state is described properly, it can add real life to a story. Consider the following example: Example 1:  â€œWith my award in hand, I felt extremely proud of my accomplishment.” In this example, the word “extremely” does not help create or enhance the reader’s mental picture; it merely states the obvious. After all, the difference between being “extremely proud” and being “proud” is negligible, considering that pride is naturally an “extreme” emotion. This just does not effectively convey how the writer actually felt. Now consider this second example: Example 2:  â€œApproaching the podium to receive my award, I felt faint. Even though my hands were shaking, I managed to give our company president a firm handshake when she passed me the award. As I began speaking to a crowd of my colleagues, I finally understood what being proud of myself really means.” In this second example, the details of the story (“felt faint,” “my hands were shaking”) create an image in the reader’s mind. The reader is not relating to the simple adjectives that reinforce existing impressions, but experiencing details that bring color to the story. In the first example, the story does not change if the word “extremely” is removed, but in the second, real emotion is conveyed. We encourage you to avoid adjectives that simply reinforce an expressed emotion and to write descriptively to capture the true spirit of the experience you are sharing. Share ThisTweet Monday Morning Essay Tips Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Aim for a Descriptive Writing Style Many writers tend to confuse adjectives and adverbs (“describing” words) with details. When adjectives and adverbs are used to emphasize an emotion or emotional state, they can actually end up adding very little to the description of an experience and possibly even undermine it. However, when that emotion or emotional state is described properly, it can add real life to a story. Consider the following example: Example 1: “With my award in hand, I felt extremely proud of my accomplishment.” In this example, the word “extremely” does not help create or enhance the reader’s mental picture; it merely states the obvious. After all, the difference between being “extremely proud” and “proud” is very little, considering that pride is naturally an “extreme” emotion. This just does not effectively convey how the writer actually felt. Now consider this second example: Example 2: “Approaching the podium to receive my award, I felt faint. Even though my hands were shaking, I managed to give our company president a firm handshake when she passed me the award. As I began speaking to a crowd of my colleagues, I finally understood what being proud of myself really means.” In this second example, the details of the story (“felt faint,” “my hands were shaking”) create an image in the reader’s mind. The reader is not relating to the simple adjectives that reinforce existing impressions, but experiencing details that bring color to the story. In the first example, the story does not change if the word “extremely” is removed, but in the second, real emotion is conveyed. We encourage you to avoid adjectives that simply reinforce an expressed emotion and to write descriptively to capture the true spirit of the experience you are sharing. Share ThisTweet Monday Morning Essay Tips

Applied Sociology

Definition: Applied sociology is one of the more than a dozen fields within sociology. Applied sociology is what has been deemed the â€Å"practical side† of sociology. That’s because applied sociology takes sociological theories and research and applies this knowledge to sociological methods, which are carried out in order to find solutions to problems within society.

11 Challenging Words Starting With A for Spanish Students

Here are 11 words beginning with A that can pose some difficulty for Spanish students. Learn these, and youll be well on your way to improving your use of the language. a: As a common preposition, a has at least six uses. It usually means to but can also be translated by other prepositions or used as a type of connecting word. Sometimes, as with the personal a, it need not be translated at all. No fuimos a la playa. We didnt go to the beach. Llegamos a Guatemala a las 17 horas. We arrive in Guatemala at 5 p.m. Conocà ­ a la superestrella en Buenos Aires. I met the superstar in Buenos Aires. adonde and adà ³nde: Adonde and adà ³nde usually mean where, but only in cases where to where or some variation of that could be substituted in translation. In other words adà ³nde functions much as a dà ³nde would and indicates motion to a place or in a direction. Es una pequeà ±a playa pà ºblica adonde mis padres nos llevaban en verano. Its a small public beach (to) where my parents took us in summer.  ¿Quà © pasa si adà ³nde viajamos es otro planeta? What happens if where were traveling (to) is another planet? al: Al is one of Spanishs few contractions, combining a and el, a word for the. When al means to the, its use is straightforward. However, al followed by an infinitive is a common way of explaining that something happened after the action represented by the infinitive. Paulina y yo vamos al zoo para ver los animales. Paulina and I are going to the zoo to see the animals. Me alegrà © al encontrar algunos de mis amigos en el centro. I became happy when I found some of my friends downtown. aparentemente: Depending on the context, aparentemente can suggest more strongly than does the English apparently that things may not be what they seem. Està ¡ aparentemente feliz, pero està ¡ a punto de pedirle el divorcio. Shes supposedly happy, but shes on the verge of asking him for the divorce. apologà ­a: An apologà ­a is a defense of a position, as in a legal case or an argument. It is not used to express regret. No hay apologà ­a del terrorismo. There is no defense for terrorism. asistir: Although asistir can mean to assist, it much more often means to attend a gathering or event. Gracias a todos que asistieron mi concierto anoche. Thanks to everyone who attended my concert last night. El gobierno le asistià ³ con una pensià ³n hasta el final de sus dà ­as. The government assisted him with a pension until the end of his days. atender: Atender can mean to attend in the sense of attending to someone but not in the sense of attending an event. El doctor atendià ³ al futbolista en el hospital durante su grave enfermedad. The doctor attended to the soccer player during his serious illness. aun and aà ºn: Although aun and aà ºn are both adverbs, the first is usually used to indicate even as in the examples below, while the latter usually indicates an action continues and can be translated as still or yet. Aun este aà ±o no tengo nada. Even this year I dont have anything. Ni aun yo puedo entenderlos. Not even I can understand them. He configurado mi dispositivo, pero aà ºn no puedo usar la internet. I have configured my device, but I still cant use the Internet. Or, I have configured my device, but I cant use the Internet yet. aunque: Aunque is the most common way of saying although; often it is better translated even though or even if. If the verb that follows refers to something that already happened or is happening, it must be in the indicative mood, while a verb referring to the future or a hypothetical event must be in the subjunctive. Todo està ¡ bien aunque me tragaron los mosquitos cuando me fui de camping. Everything is fine even though the mosquitoes ate me up when I went camping. (Tragaron is in the indicative because it refers to a past event.) Crean una pila que no hace daà ±o aunque los nià ±os la traguen. They are developing a battery that causes no harm even if children swallow it. (Traguen is in the subjunctive mood because the event is yet to happen or is theoretical.) Sources: Sample sentences have been adapted from the following sources: TripAdvisor.es, Diario Norte, Marcianitos Verdes, Facebook conversations, El Zol 107.9, Zendesk, Goal.com, La Nacià ³n (Argentina), Twitter conversations, Cuba Encuentro, LaInformacià ³n.com and Diario Correo (Peru).

Cyber Security Policies in the Private and Public Sector

Cyber Security Policies in the Private and Public Sector Cyber Security Vulnerabilities and Associated Threats of Cloud-Computing 16-03-2013 Table of contents Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3-4 Cyber Security Vulnerabilities†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4-5 Cyber Security Vulnerabilities, Threats and Actions.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.....5 Session Hijacking†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.5-6 Virtual Machine Access†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 Service Availability†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦......6-7 Cryptography Flaws†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7-8 Data Privacy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.8-9 Dependency on Internet†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..9-10 Denial of Service (DOS)†¦show more content†¦When an organization has decided to move on the cloud, then it should also consider the associated vulnerabilities and the threats. Some of the major vulnerabilities are discussed below: Session Hijacking It means that the cloud or the required service is hacked by the hackers using a valid session key. This key is used to gain the unauthorized access on the critical resources of the organization. Once hacked, the hackers can have the complete access on the systems, and they can perform any malicious activity they want to do, to hit the company resources. If proper and effective security measures are not followed in the infrastructure then it may cause a heavy business loss in terms of financial terms as well as the reputation of the organization. Probability of Occurrence The probability of occurrence of these types of attack is generally high. The reason being is that the attackers keep on continuously scan the system to find out the vulnerabilities in it. Once they gain the access, they just execute their jobs. Effective Policies amp; Procedures To mitigate this kind of risk, firewalls should be implemented in the system at the right places. Firewalls prevent unauthorized access of data. Rules and policies should be configured to protect the session keys. To increase the awareness among employees, a proper training should be given to them. For example, session monitoring shouldShow MoreRelatedCyber Security Role For Homeland Security Intelligence1153 Words   |  5 Pagesshown major flaws within the intelligence community. Those events led the creation of the Department of Homeland Security and with it pooled federal agencies into in umbrella for it to be centralized in order to be effective. There are three categories in which the Homeland Security Intelligence face in the 21st century. Those categories are technological, political, and cyber security. 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Community Health Assignment

Questions: 1. Examine health statistics and demographic data to identify the rates of poverty and homelessness in your geographical area (Oakland, California).. What resources and agencies are available in your area to support these populations? What services are available through the federal government, the state, and the local community? Identify specific geographical boundaries, and survey the area to identify community resources, soup kitchens, health centers, food banks, and clothing distribution centers. How do persons who need these services access them? Give specific examples. 2. Identify the roles of the nurse in the preparedness, response, and recovery stages of a disaster. What role(s) is the community or public health nurse best suited for, and why? Answers: 1. Oakland is a major West Coast in the United States of California. The Oakland is well associated with the agriculture as its core economical structure including the production of wheat, rice its major parts (Poortinga et al., 2012). The Government Social Service defines the poverty as the people in the society who cannot participate and contribute to the activities of the most of the casual people take for granted. California is one of the major areas where most of the people suffer from poverty, or the people have to make difficult choices. For example, the people of the Oakland sometimes even underwent skipping of the meals for the payment of the books for childs education. The vital causes for poverty in Oakland of California are such as: Work and Income: Many people those are working and trying to support their families so that their families do not suffer from any difficulties meet basic costs of the livelihood each week. Though there are some exceptional cases where the people earn but due to the large population in their families, they are unable to feed or contribute their earnings to everyone. About 418,000 people receive unemployment payments. It also includes the 258,000 people who have unemployment since last 12 years. Whereas, about 714,000 people approximately are disabled to support the pensions due to the administrative and legal policies in Oakland of California. On the other hand about 540,000 parents are on pensions who survive their livelihood including their health on that certain amount of money. It becomes more complicated for the people to survive with all the belongings of life within a small amount of pension (Razani et al., 2015). Education: Low employment is one of the core reasons for unemployment and poverty in Oakland of California. Family with low education level generally cannot provide their children good education because of their income. They cannot afford the good education for their children. For example: In the year of 2004, about 97.5 per cent of the 236,000 new jobs were only allotted to people with TAFE or equivalent work experiences. Housing: People with low income rarely have their own homes. They spent most of their money on the rented homes. As per, for example, it can be said that over the last two decades, house prices have been increased by 400 per cent, while on the other hand, the income has only risen to 120 per cent. About 1 million of the middle-class people who earns at a moderate rate spends about 30 per cent of their income in house-rents, therefore the level of poverty increases in Oakland, of California. As a result of this, the income gets divided into various parts, where one large part goes for the investments of the house. The other small parts get distributed among the health issues and the livelihood of the people. Health: People living in poverty are the main sufferers of the health such as physical and mental illness. For example: in the year of 1995 to 1997 death rates from lung cancers in men was about 60 per cent and about 98 per cent of higher rates of the health issues in Oakland of California (McClintock et al., 2012). The agencies that are available to support these populations are such as: California Council of Social Service: This organization has published the response of the major works done to minimize the rate of the health issues and the poverty level in Oakland, of California. This agency is one of the deliberate workers in the field of social services. Therefore, produces a great impact on the poor populations and the people deliberately eager for the help from the government (Simon, 2014). Child Poverty Action Group: The agency work for the poverty of the children in the needy families of the Oakland. They promote shelter, food, education and healthcare to the children in many parts of the world such as United States of America, New Zealand, etc. The Asthma Foundation: The Asthma Foundation or the AAFA is the most oldest and leading asthma and allergy charity of America, specifically in the Oakland of California. This disease is one of the chronic and epidemic diseases in California. Therefore the Asthma Foundation worked efficiently to reduce the rate of this disease especially within the populations suffering from poverty (Roy et al., 2015). There are other agencies too, which helps the populations of the Oakland and help them for the social betterment and make a move for the benefit of the people of California. There are many ways to acquire the best service for the social benefits, such as: Federal Government: The core service available through the federal government includes the establishments for the national standards of care; highlighting the key facts for the national standards to set in order to help the society to get the ultimate benefit; production of the national programs that would meet the needs of the poor populations of Oakland, California; lastly the core service includes the supply of the adequate funding of the programs to develop, and deliver to the ultimate health care of the unhealthy poor population of the state (Lowe et al., 2012). The State: The state makes a service of providing the care front and center of the state itself. A family doctor or the doctors those are sponsored by the state government itself for the free check of the poor people and getting the medications done an excellent condition. The second service provided by the state government includes the support of the patients with well organized medical home. It must be well equipped and well organized so that every level of people can go there for medications. Local Community: One of the vital roles in the health care of the population of Oakland is the services provided by the local community. The services include the timely access; national immunization strategies; national pharmaceutical strategies organized by the local communities; homelessness plans; and poverty plans; etc. (Kemppainen et al., 2013). Specific geographical boundaries are conducted with specific surveys to identify related factors such as: community resources- the survey includes the information of a nonprofit social service provided in the state. Some specific resource centers are CRC or the Community Resource Center of California which was established in the year of 1979; soup kitchens- these are unaffordable for the poor people of the state; health centers- these do help the unhealthy poor population of the state with right treatment, and proper medications, food banks- Food banks are affordable range of the maximum people, but though the people suffering from poverty, must be supplied with adequate amount of foods by the state; and clothing distribution centers- these are conducted by the different agencies therefore, majority of the people do not suffer from the lack of clothing in Oakland (Haveman, 2015). 2. There are several factors which require the role of the nurses to be conducted in a highlighting way. The factors are such as: the preparedness, response, and recovery stages of a disaster. Preparedness: The nurses serve a critical role in the urgent the roles of the nurse in the preparedness at the local, state and the national level. They carry out different roles through planning, community, and the education of the consumers during the post period of the disasters. They primarily provide care to the women, infants, men and the aged people especially concerning about the valuable populations. Response: The nurses undergo an active participation in variable phases of disaster preparedness and response within their institutions and communities. Recovery stages: They are supposed to engage themselves in respond during a crisis, and assist with mitigating hazards throughout the recovery phase (Findley et al., 2014). The nurses are best suited for community health. This is because they have the basic concept in including the promotion of the health problems, medical treatment, rehabilitation, evaluation of community help, etc. (Elias, 2013). References: Elias, R.R., 2013.Grocery Stores: Neighborhood Retail or Urban Panacea? Exploring the Intersections of Federal Policy, Community Health, and Revitalization in Bayview Hunters Point and West Oakland, California(Doctoral dissertation, University of California, Berkeley). Findley, S., Matos, S., Hicks, A., Chang, J. and Reich, D., 2014. Community health worker integration into the health care team accomplishes the triple aim in a patient-centered medical home: a Bronx tale.The Journal of ambulatory care management,37(1), pp.82-91. Haveman, R.H., 2015. Understanding Poverty. Sheldon H. Danziger and. Kemppainen, V., Tossavainen, K. and Turunen, H., 2013. Nurses' roles in health promotion practice: an integrative review.Health Promotion International,28(4), pp.490-501. Lowe, G., Plummer, V., OBrien, A.P. and Boyd, L., 2012. Time to clarifythe value of advanced practice nursing roles in health care.Journal of advanced nursing,68(3), pp.677-685. McClintock, N., Wooten, H. and Brown, A., 2012. Toward a Food Policy" First Step" in Oakland, California: A Food Policy Council's Efforts To Promote Urban Agriculture Zoning.Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems Community Development,2(4). Poortinga, W., 2012. Community resilience and health: The role of bonding, bridging, and linking aspects of social capital.Health place,18(2), pp.286-295. Razani, N., Meade, K., Schudel, C., Johnson, C. and Long, D., 2015. Healing through nature: a park-based health intervention for young people in Oakland, California.Children Youth and Environments,25(1), pp.147-159. Roy, A., Schrader, S. and Crane, E.S., 2015. The Anti-Poverty Hoax: Development, pacification, and the making of community in the global 1960s.Cities,44, pp.139-145. Simon, G.L., 2014. Vulnerability-in-production: a spatial history of nature, affluence, and fire in Oakland, California.Annals of the Association of American Geographers,104(6), pp.1199-1221.

Critical History, Myth,Propaganda and History an Example of the Topic History Essays by

Critical History, Myth,Propaganda and History Critical history is history that is carefully and fairly judged, portrayed and presented so that it's bad and good attributes are clearly seen. Myths can be said to be a fallacy, something that people believe that does not exit or did not happen. Propaganda on the other hand, is statements that may have been exaggerated or falsified so as to gain political millage. Need essay sample on "Critical History, Myth,Propaganda and History" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed "The American Holocaust" a book by David Stannard is a critical history of the act of genocide committed against the indigenous American population from the time Christopher Columbus set foot in the island he renamed Hispaniola to date. It dispels some of the myths that were associated with the forced extermination of the "Indians" as Columbus chose to call them. Stannard estimates that about eight million indigenous Americans were butchered by 'violence, disease, and despair' in a span of a single human generation. Within this time the vast majority of the Western Hemisphere's native peoples had been exterminated. The pace and magnitude of their extermination varied from place to place and from time to time. Historical demographers analyzing the change of population then have uncovered 'post-Columbian depopulation rates of between 90 and 98 percent' (Stannard, 1992) According to Stannard, the comparison, if it is to be made in ratio of the native survivorship in the Americas following European contact has been found to be less than half of what the human survivorship ratio would be in the United States today if every single white person and every single black person died. Making the destruction of the Indians of the Americas by far and away, the most massive act of genocide in the history of the world. He argues that even today there is a continuation of genocide in the Americas, and in other places where the world's indigenous peoples survive. A Commission on Human Rights of the Organization of American States released a research in 1986 that observed that '40,000 people had simply "disappeared" in Guatemala during the preceding fifteen years. Another 100,000 had been openly murdered (Stannard, 1992) the propaganda that 'the American holocaust' ended ages ago he says is false because even as late as 1980s there has been reports (by a survivor) of "Children, two years, four years old, being grabbed and torn into two. This was the case in Guatemala in 1982 of a military massacre as witnessed by a victim. Some more grisly cases are recounted of the assault on the Indian encampment. A victim"s confession recorded portrays the pain undergone by such people. 'With tourniquets they killed the children, of two years, of nine months, of six months. They killed and burned them all.... What they did [to my father] was put a machete in here (pointing to his chest) and they cut open his heart, and they left him all burned up. This is the pain we shall never forget ... Better to die here with a bullet and not die in that way, like my father did "(Stannard, 1992) The reports state that almost 10,000 unarmed people were killed in the assault on the 440 Indian encampments in Guatemala. References Stannard. D. E ( 1992). American Holocaust: Columbus and the Conquest of the New World. New York: Oxford University Press US.

“the Apple-Tree” by John Galsworthy Essays

â€Å"the Apple-Tree† by John Galsworthy Essays â€Å"the Apple-Tree† by John Galsworthy Paper â€Å"the Apple-Tree† by John Galsworthy Paper The extract under consideration is a piece of a third person narration. However, it is not just a matter-of-fact account of events. You can find not a few pieces of description throughout the story. Thereby the finely wrought delineation of the characters and scenery is gained. Also there are quite a lot of dialogues in the story which are important in revealing a person’s inner state and overall atmosphere. On the whole, the prevailing tone of the extract appears to be rather romantic and elevated. This effect is caused by the description of the two friends Frank Ashurst and Robert Garton. The former is an idealistic and romantic young man full of absence. And the latter stands in contrast to his friend, being too practical. The author depicts him in a rather amusing way which can’t but evoke a smile on the reader’s face which adds to the gay atmosphere. Yet there is a suggestive symbol – a cuckoo which is a kind of warning of imminent tragedy. The author uses such stylistic device as foreshadowing. He drops a clue about what is to come in the story, which builds tension throughout the book. Thus the plot development is suggested by the word â€Å"pity†. It appears all of a sudden in the very first utterance and is very eloquent as well as its second repetition in Megan’s speech. All that creates a dramatic sense, In sum the plot of the story centres around two friends Frank Ashurst and Robert Garton who are on a tramp. They are on a rest and are about to set off and find some farm to put p but suddenly they see a girl coming down to them. The fiends ask her to put them up and she agrees to lead them to the farm she lives at. There they meet her aunt, she allows the young man to stay for the night and they go to a stream to bathe. The story proves to be very symbolic. The two friends are on a trip. Apart from its literal meaning it represents the life’s journey. Frank and Robert are at the beginning of it, what is to come in store for the men? Let’s take a closer look at them. Ashurst is romantic and idealistic young man. The scene in which the action takes place reveals his inner state as the author uses somewhat high-flown style in depicting it: â€Å"he had plucked a blue foweret, and was twiddling it against the sky†. As if opposed to his friend, Robert is matter-of-fact and barren of imagination. There is a remarkable peculiarity about the way Garton’s appearance and actions are depicted. I mean metaphors and similes of which the author is lavish. They are sharp and facetious and can’t but evoke an ironic smile, for example: â€Å"Garton queer, round-the-corner, knotted, curly, like some primeval beast†, â€Å"Gartons was a kind of dark unfathomed mop†, â€Å"Robert was talking through his hat! † As to Megan, her portrayal is very laconic. She doesn’t appear to be beautiful but her eyes are wonderful. Their delineation is symbolic – they are the reflection of her soul dewy as if opened for the first time that day. And girl looks at Ashurst without shyness in an open manner, she is inartificial and naive. Megan feels pity for Ashurst because of his knee, and her attention pleases him. Once again this feeling is recurrent in the story and it definitely has symbolic significance. It creates the mood of the approaching disaster. And Megan’s aunt seems to forebode it. The author portrays her by several sharp strokes. Mrs. Narracombe had a quick, dark eye, like a mother wild-ducks, and something of the same snaky turn about her neck. † She appears to be very strict and acute woman and distrusts the strangers but finally Ashurst gains her confidence by a jesting remark. As the extract ends we find the two friends at the stream. Frank is sitting under the apple-tree waiting for Robert. And this is another symbol used by the author – the apple-tree – so expressive and meaningful that it becomes the title of the story. Now it is in leaf, and all but in flower – its crimson buds just bursting. It stands for the feeling which is about to burst between Ashurst and Megan in a little while. What is in store for them? Frank doesn’t think about it, his feelings and meditations are ambiguous and idle and he feels absurdly happy. We can only guess what is to happen with them but for the time being â€Å"every bough is swinging in the wind, every spring bird calling, and a slanting sunlight dapples the grass†. The story afforded great pleasure to me, I enjoyed every minute of it. I give the author his due for brilliance of style. The foundation of Galsworthys talent lies in a remarkable power of ironic insight combined with an extremely keen and faithful eye for all the phenomena on the surface of the life he observes. Galsworthys realism lies in his capacity for making his hero part and parcel of his surroundings and convincing the reader of his typicality: he is a fine artist in reproducing the individual workings of his characters mind.

Strategic Management Unit 5 DB week two Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Strategic Management Unit 5 DB week two - Essay Example This made InBev, which is originally Brazilian, the largest beer maker. In 2007 the new company boasted $36.4 billion in net sales. The company became in charge of 300 independent brands once the two had sealed the deal. Although the company was bought out, Anheuser Busch was well involved in the new management as its director and CEO were given positions in management, which business wise was sure to give it longevity. The acquisition was majorly successful owing solely to the fact that InBev did their research into the weaknesses their target company had, painted a clear picture of how they could be faced with so many hurdles in the case that they turned out to be long term and this could result in bankruptcy (Ross, Westerfield, & Jordan 2006). $580 million is the stunning price that News Corp put on the table in its desire to purchase MySpace. The purchase proved to be fruitful up until 2008 when Facebook completely took over the networking world as the leading social site completely displacing MySpace (Ulijn 2010). The downward trend continued until the company sold MySpace off to Specific Media at $35 million, which was as good a deal as they would get. This acquisition failed solely because NewsCorp was a little rush in its purchase and did not fully consider the possibility of harsh competition and as such had little to no preparation for the

Computer technology and the networked organization (Case) Essay

Computer technology and the networked organization (Case) - Essay Example Geographical area coverage of the business has a strong impact on the choice of network selection. Moreover, the computer networking structure classification depends on its physical topology (Bonaventure, 2011). In this paper, the focus has been rendered on the networking structure and the technologies suitable for a medium sized food store to run its business facing minimum communication hurdles. The choice of network structure and its link with the technology used plays a vital role to keep a track of the business progress, without much human intervention and distortion. Discussion Networking Architecture In today’s world, computer network system is not just an interconnected device. It is widely used to bridge the gap between the two ends of a communication channel, i.e. the communicator and the receiver. The choice of the network design depends on the business structure and its underlying intention. The network configurations used by organizations commonly include peer-to- peer or the client/server frameworks (Bakardjieva, n.d.). The peer-to-peer network is used when there are less than ten computers connected with each other in a workplace to share the files, word documents, printers, and access to internet within a small geographical area i.e. in a same floor. It has no server; hence, the computers connect with each other in the form of a workgroup to share files (Bakardjieva, n.d.).

World Luxury Goods Industry Essay Example for Free

World Luxury Goods Industry Essay Luxury goods have more than the ordinary and necessary characteristics compared to other products of their category. Their characteristics can be divided into 6 parts Symbolism, Price, Extraordinariness, Rarity, Aesthetics and Quality. The global market size for the industry has been at a growth rate of 9% per annum. This trend has been seen in the market since 1995 till 2000. The luxury market took a hit from 2000 to 2004 when incidents like the September 11 and SARS epidemic took place during those years. The market was at a standstill till 2005 when it caught pace again until the subprime financial crisis. Recent years the growth rate has been at 11% average and this has been happening since 2009. At 2013 the market is sized at Euro 212 billion and has great potential going forward. The 10 % growth estimated for the market in 2013 represents the fourth straight year following the great recession that luxury goods revenues will grow annually by double-digits. Americas region is also projected to benefit from the market, with revenues growing by 13 percent by year’s end and Asia-Pacific sales particularly driven by China India are projected to grow by 18 percent. Growth in Europe is expected to be at 5 percent this year showing that the economic trends in these areas have affected the market for luxury goods. It is estimated that the luxury goods market will grow, in real terms by 4-6% per year between 2013-2015 increasing the market to between â‚ ¬240 and â‚ ¬250 billion by 2015. There has been a shift towards online sales in this segment with this medium continuing to grow faster than the rest of the market, at 28% annual growth for the year and reaching close to 10b Euros, nearly 5% of total luxury sales which larger than the luxury revenues of Germany. In online sales, shoes are the top-performing category. This level of online penetration is when brands have to treat their online channel as a integral part of their competitive strategy, rather than an an extra source of revenue. When we see the different products types in the industry it is seen that the Accessories highlights the best performance over the period 2007-2011 led by the emerging markets customers preferences with respect to luxury accessories. We see a shift in the market trend in apparels where the mens luxury sales increased by 16% in 2011 surpassing sales to woman. Mens luxury goods in 2011 accounted for 40% of the global luxury market up from 35 % in 1995. As you can see in figure above that the accessories and hard luxury goods have seen an increase in segment. In the luxury goods market the Italian brands have increased to gain the largest market share of luxury sales, moving from 21% in 1995 to 24% in 2013 almost equalling French brands market share of 25%. But in a consolidating market, French conglomerates are a driving force, owning 29% of the market compared to 25% in 1995. Key Figures Category Revenues Growth Forecast. 2012 (est) 2012 Leather Goods â‚ ¬33bn 16% Shoes â‚ ¬12 bn 13% Men’s Apparel â‚ ¬26 bn 10% Women’s Apparel â‚ ¬27 bn 9% Fragrances â‚ ¬20 bn 4% Cosmetics â‚ ¬23 bn 5% Jewelry â‚ ¬11 bn 13% Watches â‚ ¬35 bn 14% Total â‚ ¬212bn 10% The different players in this market are different for different product types like in the luxury watches segment it is Rolex, Omega etc, mens and womens apparels segment it is Armani, Burberry etc and leather goods segment it is LVMH, Ralph Lauren etc. Similarly many more in other segments and below are the different luxury goods brand with LVMH leading in revenue terms. Porter’s 5 forces model. THREAT OF NEW ENTRANT: Capital Requirement: The capital requirements for manufacturing, setting up stores and maintaining them are all very high. The break-even for these brands is very high. Their marketing and management costs such as rent, high salaries for craftsmen, heavy promotional activities etc. are very high too. A study indicated that they need to have 400 stores to develop a truly global presence. Brand Loyalty: The brand image associated with luxury brands and the loyalty created through CRM programs and exceptional service levels is very high for existing brands in the market space. However, the industry has been experiencing declining brand loyalty in emerging markets since their purchases are driven by status and show off motives and hence brand switching between brands perceived to have similar status is increasing. Nevertheless it takes considerable amount of time and expenditure to build its brand loyalty. Scale economies: It has been observed that consolidation of brands in the luxury market help in achieving higher economies of scale. Consolidation helps in increasing bargaining power with suppliers, obtaining operating synergies say in advertising etc., better financing options and risk management through diversification in the brand portfolio of the companies. LVMH, PPR (Gucci), Prada Group, Richemont have all undergone consolidation. Exclusive access to suppliers and distributors: Many brands in this segment have acquired their suppliers or have exclusive arrangements to protect their competitive advantage and insulate against rising costs in future. Also the numbers of distribution points are increasing as emerging markets are growing and luxury malls are coming up. For instance, LVMH acquired Leman Cadran and ArteCad SA- watch dial manufacturers and Delos Bottier, French artisan shoemaker. Retaliation from existing Cos- The powerful established brands tend to retaliate against the smaller and newer brands by say preventing them from having access to multi-brand retailers. Therefore we see that the threat of new entrant is high. THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES: Middle price brands: The growing mid ranged, high street brands pose as a possible substitute to the luxury brands. During economic crisis consumers tend to â€Å"trade down. † Counterfeit goods: The manufacturing and sales of counterfeit goods from Countries like China is growing. Quality design: increased internet accessibility and online shopping has made is easy for fast fashion brands to replicate designs and fashion trends of luxury brands within days/weeks of the fashion shows. There are no monetary switching costs to customers. However, there is a loss of prestige which is important to luxury brand buyers. Therefore the threat of substitutes is moderate. BUYER’S BARGAINING POWER: Decreasing buyer concentration: The number of buyers relative to suppliers is increasing. Only 50% of the 1. 6 MN wealthy were as rich 4 years ago. Level of dependency on buyer: The industry is heavily dependent on top-tier customers, mostly on a small super affluent population. Celebrities etc. being early adopters can drive consumption but single buyers cannot determine prices. Switching costs: There are emotional switching costs involved. With introduction of loyalty programs and associated privileges, the switching costs have increased. Possibility of backward integration by customers is very low. So on the whole, the bargaining power of buyers is low. SUPPLIER’S BARGAINING POWER: Number of suppliers: The raw materials are limited and exclusive. There are limited high skilled workers and there is also growing shortage since not many youngsters are willing to learn. For instance, Couture-level embroiderers in France have dropped from 10000 in 1920 to 200 in 2013. Level of Dependency: Some key components and materials are outsourced. For eg: LV outsources its monogram leather, in 2012, Chanel ordered large chuck of leather from a supplier in case they wouldn’t find more. Supply substitutes: Most materials are highly specialized and difficult to substitute. Switching costs to new suppliers are high since the quality is at risk and there is a past coordinating experience which is important. Forward integration possibility is very low since the luxury groups are much more experienced and wealthier than their suppliers. Thus, the bargaining power of suppliers is moderate to high. COMPETITIVE RIVALRY: Competitive structure: The industry has an oligopoly structure since it is dominated by few large independent players. LVMH, Richemont and PPR Gucci are the big three. Demand conditions: The demand is growing and will grow at a relatively high pace as China and Hong Kong markets grow further. Exit Barriers: Some brand exist despite the fact that they do not make any/much profits due to emotional reasons. For instance, Christian Lacroix hasn’t made any profit in 22 years. There are some highly specialised supply chain components that may be very difficult to sell. Chanel has 6 atelier d’arts under it which has no alternative usage. The rivalry among existing competition is high. Luxury Goods-Developed Countries Overview. There is so much talk about China, Brazil and other emerging markets as the future of luxury market while there is some truth to it we cannot ignore the developed markets. The current growth and hot spot for luxury goods is still in the developed countries. American region is the king of luxury spending; it grew at 4% in 2013 compared to 2012. There has been growth in the number of new store opening in tire two cities in these developed countries going to show that companies see potential in the smaller region and there is increase of disposable income in the smaller cities. Visitors from developing countries still prefer to buy luxury goods from the developed countries; this has also led to an increase in the demand of luxury goods in the developed countries. According to Luxury Goods Worldwide Market Study Spring 2013 there are significant regional differences in the luxury market developed countries and all of them have their unique differences. Some of them are: Europe will see 2% growth in the luxury spending in the next few years, with increasing spending by tourists even though there is lower spending by European nationals. Tourist spending is driving half of revenues in Italy, 55% of revenues in the U. K. , and 60% of revenues in France. Japan has experience a decline in luxury spending by 12%. Although in real terms, the consumption has increased as the country has emerged out of stagflation. The Middle East continues to be relatively strong, with a 5% growth. The demand for Luxury goods remain strong in Dubai, while Saudi Arabia is also gaining share to become the region’s second largest luxury market. As these countries are oil rich they like the flamboyance and luxury. Online sales, of Luxury goods have gained popularity in the last few years in the developed countries. They are growing faster than the brick and mortar stores, turning in 28% annual growth for last year and reaching close to 10 billion Euros. In online sales, shoes are the top-performing category. With online penetration high, brands should treat their online channel as an integral part of their overall channel strategy, rather than an just an another source of additional revenue. According to the â€Å"Luxury Goods Worldwide Market Study† finds accessories, including leather goods and shoes, have definitively become the largest segment, growing 4% for 2013 to reach 28% of the total revenues. Apparel is now a quarter of the market, growing at 1%, Apparel was very popular couple of years ago. Perfumes and cosmetics had a 2% growth in 2013. Luxury cars, wine and spirits, hotels, in-home and out-of-home food, home furnishings, and yachts all show growth, with luxury cars, wine and spirits, and hotels outpacing personal luxury goods and leading to an overall 2013 market of â‚ ¬800 billion of affluent spending, up 6% over 2012.compared to 25% in 1995. The luxury goods market in the developed countries is becoming very complex and in some areas is starting to look like the fast-moving consumer goods Industry. Brands have to adapt themselves by bringing in the level of detailed customer insight to standout of the clutter. While this Industry is still showing steady but not extravagant growth, brands need to adjust to a new set of scientific tools in order to keep up with other markets. CAGE Framework for Developed Countries Cultural Luxury Goods Industry in Developed countries over the years have matured and have formed definite distribution channels where most of the time they try cross selling to their existing buyers. However new customers enter the market, they account to an addition of 1%-3% of the total population involved in the luxury goods instry In Developed countries Culture is often considered with income level to follow a trend related to luxury goods. Considering a people with zero income level when shifts to a income level and wants to buy a luxury good his decision is dependent upon the income he is currently earning and the culture he is following in the ratio of 3:2. Administrative Initially as taxes were collected in the form of luxury tax from the customers in developed countries, they were indifferent to it as they had a considerable large amount of disposable income. Over the years as people entered the luxury market they got affected by such high rates. The government how of such countries depend on these taxes as they generate a large amount of revenue. Geographical Most of the developed countries are the manufactures of these luxury goods they tend to be cheaper in these countries. As the demand of the countries is very high they tend to acquire the fixed costs at an early stage, later just trying to recover the variable cost making it cheaper. Most of these developed countries have access to superior products used in manufacturing these products thus making the end products to be easily manufactured and thus slashing the rates, thus inducing more customers to buy the product Economic Differences GDP and per capita income of the developed countries is high compared to other emerging countries. Thus showing they have a higher disposable income and standard of living is high proving that they can afford luxury goods as their basic necessities of life is fulfilled. Luxury Goods-Developing Countries Overview. When we talk about developing economies we will be taking into account Brazil China and look at the luxury goods market in these two economies. Almost half of the luxury goods produced worldwide are sold in the emerging markets with China leading the way. The luxury goods market has seen tremendous growth in China whereas the same growth hasn’t been replicated in India Brazil because of some regulatory issues (high import duties). Looking at China, the GDP has been growing at almost 10% y-o-y which has been increasing the denomination of wealthy Chinese in the country. When you look at the Luxury market, the Asia-pacific region has been the best performer with a growth rate of 25% in 2011 and accounting for about 29% of the worldwide revenues. The growth of this market in China has been tremendous which can also be put down to the fact that many e-commerce players have come in to fray which give the digital consumers a chance to make use of the price advantage. The market has been helped by the fact that there has been a shift in the mentality of the Chinese people wherein they want the real stuff now rather than settling for the counterfeited goods. In addition to this due to the weakening Euro and the increase in the number of upper class citizens the Chinese people have been undertaking more and more overseas trips which in turn has increased the revenues for the Luxury market. Now coming to Brazil, the luxury goods market was about 2. 7 billion dollars in 2012, and the expected growth rate was estimated to be about 15-25% for the next five years which was put down to the fact that it has become the 7th largest economy in the world the purchasing power and the income rate for an average Brazilian is growing. Brazil now has 36 billionaires 165,000 millionaires out of which about 50% are below the age of 35, which will help boost the luxury goods market in the country. Now because of the unique services that are being provided to the consumers in Brazil, also the payment plan by installments and also the fact that a huge number of showrooms are being opened in the country the consumers are willing to buy the luxury goods for which they had to go abroad in the earlier days. STRATEGY – STRUCTURE PERFORMANCE STRATEGY: Strategic approach to product offer and price positioning. Focusing on the E-commerce platform as well in order to cater to the increasing number of digital consumers Opening up of new stores and availability of quality products easily. Focus on the retail chains in order to aid the distribution as this is the highest grossing medium (Omni-channel Retailing). Increase of scale in order to improve margins. Shift towards the accessories sector as this has the highest growth rate amongst the Luxury goods market. Store experience. Real time communication between the brand and the consumer via blogs communities. Off-price outlets. Consolidation. Diversification. STRUCTURE: Oligopoly: Very few luxury groups dominate the market. Large number of small individual brands. Individual brands being introduced by the large market players. Big Three LVMH Richemont PPR Gucci PERFORMANCE: A CAGR of +25% in China for the luxury goods revenues over the period 2008-11. A CAGR of +18. 3% in China for E-commerce buys during the period 2007-10. 31% increase in constant value terms for Brazil, 72% for China 86% for India over the period 2008-13.

Do You Have What It Takes? A Breakdown Of The Educated Person Essay

Do You Have What it Takes? A Breakdown of the Educated Person An educated person is a well rounded person. To be educated is to knowledgeable in many areas. Diversity is essential in the sense that many different things inspire thought, which then derive permanent conclusions from these experiences. Anyone who has the audacity to call themselves educated needs to have a firm grasp of many different areas. These categories span through Science, Technology, Language, Art, Feelings and Values. All of these are building blocks that help make up an educated person, but just as important, these are the same qualities that form an individual. One of the most important concepts that a person learns from Science is a fundamental thinking process. This process starts with curiosity, asking the question," Why does that work?" It then moves on to theorizing or guessing. Next, this person takes his or her theory and puts it to the test by conducting various experiments. Finally this individual will draw a final conclusion from those findings. Science also helps a person look at things objectively, which means there is no feelings influencing experiments that can lead to fraudulent conclusions. This can be a double edged sword however, because in many instances when a scientist is emotionally removed from the experiments performed, the question, "Should I?", is never asked. For instance under the reign of Hitler many cruel medical experiments were preformed. In The Medical Experiments by William Shirer the author states,"Prisoners were placed in high pressure chambers and subjected to high-altitude tests until they ceased breathing. They were injected with lethal doses of typhus and jaundice. They were subjected to 'freezing' experiments in icy water or exposed naked in the snow outdoors until they froze to death." This also deals with the subject of values and will be discussed detail later. Probably the most positive way to utilize Science would be to take it to the next level, Technology. This is were an educated person takes what laws and theories he learns in science and integrates them into everyday life, finding ways to make life easier and arguably better. I say arguably because many educated people are against technological advancement. These... ...m any language. Susanne K. Langer in her article The Cultural Importance of Art states,"There is, however, an important part of reality that is quite inaccessible to the formative influence of language: that is the realm of so-called "inner experience," the life of feeling and emotion. All of these attributes lose power without an individual set of values to focus this energy. Adolf Hitler influenced millions by being a masterful orator. Hitler also was very innovative in science and many other areas. However do to his grossly warped sense of personal values he was labelled by leaders and peers as a madman. It is very difficult for any person to be a master of all of these categories, but to be truly educated, there needs to be at least a small concentration of everything in that individual's background. For the one reason that it is so difficult to posses all of these traits, it is also that same reason that makes all of the truly educated people of our past stand out in history as heros and leaders. This is also the biggest reason that so many people admire them and strive to be like them.

Destiny and Henley Essay

â€Å"Invictus† was written by Henley when he was in the hospital with tuberculosis. While in his twenties he contracted a tubercular infection that led to his leg being amputated below the knee. Later he developed the same infection in his other leg and was told it would have to be removed as well. Henley refused to have it amputated and sought the help of a doctor who had developed antiseptic medicine. Twenty months later Henley had finally recovered and was able to leave the hospital. It was during this dark time in his life when he wrote â€Å"Invictus†. When you read the poem you can see how passionate he felt: â€Å"I thank whatever gods may be / For my unconquerable soul†(Henley). Instead of falling into despair, Henley was able to be thankful that, though his body was beaten, his soul wasn’t. Even in the highest of his horrible circumstances, Henley refused to let life defeat him, but instead he rose up and fought back: â€Å"In the fell clutch of circumstance / I have not winced nor cried aloud† (Henley). He did not waste his time despairing over what he had lost, but instead focused on getting better. You can also see how desperately determined he was: â€Å"I am the master of my fate / I am the captain of my soul† (Henley). He refused to give into the idea that someone else was in control of his life. In the poem he cites â€Å"the bludgeonings of chance,† which shows he felt it was simply fate that this happened to him, and yet he went on to defiantly state that he was in control of his own destiny (Henley). By looking closely at â€Å"Invictus†, you can clearly see the struggles that Henley went through in his own life. The powerful tone in â€Å"Invictus† is gloomy and dark although Henley remains optimistic and with the help of the three types of figurative language the dark tone is constantly seen throughout the poem helping readers truly feel the misery the author is going through . Invictus could be taken as a hopeful poem for those suffering, constantly being reminded that you are the â€Å"Captain of your soul† and that it is you choosing to live in pain or be brave when facing a challenge. â€Å"Beyond this place of wrath and tears† refers that the writer has hope for the after life. Finds, and shall find, me unafraid† refers to the fearlessness of the writer â€Å"My head is bloody, but unbowed. † refers to his courage to fight. The use of imagery in â€Å"Invictus† provides readers with deeper sense of the poem and connects them to the author’s true feelings. Henley uses strong relevant adjectives to paint a picture of the horrors of misery he feels in the beginning and towards the end of the poem he allows readers to grasp that it was his bravery that helped him overcome the impossible. The theme of â€Å"Invictus†is one that appeals to most people. It is the idea that you control your fate more than anyone else ever will. In a world that cares nothing for us and often seems to be trying to destroy us, we can overcome all odds and be victorious because we, and we alone, are masters of our own fate. This is proven through the circumstances that the poem was written under. Instead of submitting to the original prognosis of the doctors and having his other leg removed, Henley chose to take charge of his life, find a new doctor, and ultimately change the course of his life (Invictus: A Study Guide). The theme is one of triumph and survival. Despite all odds, despite all expectations, Henley took control of his destiny and came out victorious. The fact that Henley wrote this during a dark time in his life added a wealth of emotion to the poem; he was writing from his heart and it was obvious. The overarching theme of the poem is relevant to everyone because when it comes down to it, we all want to feel like our life actually has meaning and is not just a sum of chance circumstances and happenings. The use of imagery in â€Å"Invictus† provides readers with deeper sense of the poem and connects them to the author’s true feelings. Henley uses strong relevant adjectives to paint a picture of the horrors of misery he feels in the beginning and towards the end of the poem he allows readers to grasp that it was his bravery that helped him overcome the impossible.

Things Fall Apart - White Missionaries Caused Umofia to...

Things Fall Apart - White Missionaries Caused Umofia to Fall Apart Faith has always been a guiding force in mans life. Chinua Achebes novel Things Fall Apart is a story that describes the effects of a new Christian religion in a tribal village of Africa. The tribe has their own language, known as Obi, a dignified culture and a value system that has continued for many years as they trace back into their ancestry. Yet, voids that this culture can no longer fill for modern tribesmen enable white missionaries to intrude upon this system and convert many of the tribes younger members to the Christian faith. The tribal system falls apart because younger members are unable to remember†¦show more content†¦Unfortunately, this was not the feeling shared by many in the clan and Okonkwo, in trying to make-up for his fathers mistakes, took on the responsibilities of an old man as a young boy and had the mind set of an elder in the community because as was stated, those were the people he ate his meals with and held his discussions with. Okonkwos own son, Nwoye, did not have the same work ethic and was not working to prove his manhood to the rest of the village. Therefore, for Okonkwo to expect hard work ethics of his son by instinct was unrealistic, because Okonkwos work ethic was certainly not a genetic result either. This work ethic however is a central value of the community and when younger members of the generation do not feel as though they are responsible for the tribes continued existence then they may not feel as though an active participation in village life is necessary. On the other hand, perhaps Okonkwos work ethic was much stronger than the normal that is necessary for the tribe to continue to flourish and he beats Nwoye forgiving only the minimum amount of work expected of him. Perhaps it is the feeling of failure that turns a member of the tribe like Nwoye to Christianity. Perhaps he felt that he would be an inadequate member and would be unable meet the standardsShow MoreRelated Things Fall Apart 4 Essay985 Words   |  4 Pages Things Fall Apart nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart describes the flaws and struggles of one proud mans tragic life. The main character Okonkwo is a strong and proud warrior with great reputation in the village of Umofia. However, he is a man that struggles with the fear of failure and uncontrollable anger. 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In the beginning of the book Chinua sets up the story by explaining about the tribe of Umofia, and the people who live thereRead MoreSocial Changes in Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe Essay1140 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Changes in Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe In the book Things Fall Apart, by Chinua Achebe, we are able to read about the social changes the white missionaries had on an African tribe. Mr. Achebe describes the way of life before the missionaries arrived and then records some of the changes, which occurred due to the changed belief system introduced by these missionaries. Soon after the missionaries began to teach the tribal people about the Christian faith, their tribal customsRead MoreThings Fall Apart910 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Okonkwo Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe is a novel about a man in West Africa. It tells about his triumphs and trial ultimately leading to his demise. It explains how the â€Å"white man† came into his country and took over. It show you how the â€Å"white man† mad things fall apart. Okonkwo was a very large and tall man. He had big bushy eyebrows and a huge nose. As stated in Things Fall Apart, â€Å"He was tall and huge, and his bushy eyebrows and wide nose gave him a very severe look (3-4).† He was extremelyRead MoreThings Fall Apart vs. Heart of Darkness Essay1617 Words   |  7 PagesAfrican Colonization through Literature: Things Fall Apart Vs. Heart of Darkness History is an extraordinary mix of truth and fiction. The dichotomy that is bred from different historic al perspectives opens the eyes of those who study history to the semi-fabricated nature of much of humanities past. For most of recorded history, events have been recorded and retold through the eyes of the victors. Only recently have people had the opportunity to view both sides of issues. The Western practiceRead MoreCultural Change Explored in Things Fall Apart, by Chinua Achebe 1868 Words   |  8 Pageschange the outer aspects of their lives†. This quotation effectively illustrates how change in one’s attitudes, perceptions, and beliefs can alter the environment in which one lives. This concept is clearly demonstrated throughout the novel Things Fall Apart, authored by Chinua Achebe, by establishing a connection through the development of its characters and the change in traditional African tribal villages seen in the Nineteenth Century. It will be establis hed how various characters demonstratedRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart917 Words   |  4 Pageslife-changing for those individuals who decide to assimilate the new beliefs and customs. The arrival of the missionaries to Nigeria affected the the Ibo culture and introduced its people to a new set of religious beliefs and westernized customs. Chinua Achebe’s novel, Things Fall Apart, portrays the contrasting reactions of people to the new culture brought to their clan by the missionaries. Achebe depicts the story of a prideful father put to shame when his own son decides to embrace the new unfamiliarRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart2050 Words   |  9 PagesChristianity came and took over your world? In Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, describes a man who was affected by Christianity which not only destroyed him but also his family and his tribe. Okonkwo is the main character who faces the demise of his world when the missionaries ca me in and took over his world. Okonkwo is a very independent, impatient African leader and is affected by Christianity, impacting the way he is accepted back into Umofia or the way he lives. Achebe s description of lifeRead MoreThings Fall Apart by China Achuebe1489 Words   |  6 Pagessurvivor and desired to become a leader to the people within his society. â€Å"Since I survived that year,† he always said, â€Å" I shall survive anything† (Achebe 24). Okonkwo owned a fierce determination on the inside to be an overcomer and conquer the things others within his village may have believed were impossible for him to achieve. One of Okonkwo’s accomplishments was the wrestling battle between him and another wrestler, known as Amalinze, the Cat. â€Å"Okonkwo was well known throughout the nine villagesRead MoreRedefining The Tragic Tragedy Of Chinua Achebe s Famous Things Fall Apart2188 Words   |  9 PagesTom White McQuaid Jesuit High School, 2014-2015 Sophomore English Adv. A.M.D.G. Redefining the Tragic The power of tragic heroes in literature is almost immeasurable in that they evoke multiple emotions within the reader. Through pain and suffering, heroes of tragedy fill the audience with not only terror and pity, but also relief through a cathartic experience. Over two thousand years ago, Aristotle first defined what characteristics make up a tragic hero. He claimed that heroes of tragedy must